{
    "title": "Where the 27 EU governments stand on Chat Control",
    "publisher": "Brussels Record",
    "source": "https://brusselsrecord.com/chat-control-governments/",
    "licence": "CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "attribution": "Brussels Record, brusselsrecord.com",
    "generated": "2026-10-22T20:38:36+00:00",
    "last_checked": "2026-10-22",
    "ep_vote_2026_07_09": {
        "question": "motion to reject the Council text on Chat Control 1.0 (voluntary scanning)",
        "needed": 361,
        "for_rejection": 314,
        "against_rejection": 276,
        "abstained": 17,
        "did_not_vote": 112,
        "result": "motion failed, text passed",
        "source": "https://howtheyvote.eu/votes/195775"
    },
    "summary": {
        "against": {
            "governments": 9,
            "population_share_pct": 32.85
        },
        "conditional": {
            "governments": 1,
            "population_share_pct": 18.47
        },
        "supports": {
            "governments": 14,
            "population_share_pct": 43.2
        },
        "unclear": {
            "governments": 3,
            "population_share_pct": 5.48
        },
        "blocking_minority_rule": "at least four member states representing more than 35 % of the EU population",
        "gap_to_35_pct_points": 2.1
    },
    "states": [
        {
            "country": "Austria",
            "iso2": "AT",
            "iso3": "AUT",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/austria/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.03,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 9 Oct 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 10,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 8,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 2,
            "receipt_label": "Government decision reported by NEOS, a governing party, 9 Oct 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.neos.eu/news/2025/10/chatkontrolle-nein-zur-anlasslosen-massenueberwachung",
            "quote": "Austria will not agree to EU chat control; we have made sure of that with a government decision.",
            "quote_cite": "NEOS press release, 9 October 2025, translated from German",
            "note": "The Nationalrat’s EU subcommittee adopted a four-party opinion on the file in November 2022. Voted for the voluntary-only mandate in November 2025 and still calls detection orders critical in Council (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Nationalrat EU subcommittee, all four parties, 3 Nov 2022",
                    "url": "https://www.parlament.gv.at/aktuelles/pk/jahr_2022/pk1226"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 and 10 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Austria to the EU, the Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://www.bmeia.gv.at/oev-bruessel/die-vertretung/der-staendige-vertreter"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Gerhard Karner",
            "ministry": "Federal Ministry of the Interior; Federal Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Belgium",
            "iso2": "BE",
            "iso3": "BEL",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/belgium/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.63,
            "position": "unclear",
            "position_label": "Unclear",
            "since": "since 8 Oct 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "abstained",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 10,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 7,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 4,
            "receipt_label": "Interior Minister Bernard Quintin, Chamber committee record, 8 Oct 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.lachambre.be/doc/CCRI/pdf/56/ic212x.pdf",
            "quote": "The government's position has not yet been settled.",
            "quote_cite": "Chamber of Representatives, Interior Committee, 8 October 2025, translated from French",
            "note": "Officials could 'in principle' back the mandatory text in Council (Sept 2025) while the coalition disagreed at home. N-VA says Belgium abstained on the mandate; others say it voted yes. Abstained on Chat Control 1.0 in July 2026.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council voting result, 23 Jul 2026 (abstention)",
                    "url": "https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-12382-2026-INIT/en/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Belgium to the EU, who is who (updated 2 Feb 2026)",
                    "url": "https://europeanunion.diplomatie.belgium.be/en/who-who"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Bernard Quintin",
            "ministry": "FPS Home Affairs (IBZ). The Minister of Justice is Annelies Verlinden (CD&V)",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Bulgaria",
            "iso2": "BG",
            "iso3": "BGR",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/bulgaria/",
            "population_share_pct": 1.42,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 12 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 8,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 5,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 4,
            "receipt_label": "Council working party minutes, 12 Nov 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/",
            "quote": "In principle in support of the measure proposed by the Belgian presidency, but with a working balance that guarantees the effective exercise of law-enforcement powers.",
            "quote_cite": "Ministry of the Interior, answer to an access-to-information request, 9 July 2024, translated from Bulgarian",
            "note": "Explicitly supported the mandatory text (Sept 2025). With Spain and Hungary asked in November 2025 for a duty to detect at least in public spaces. Since the change of government on 8 May 2026 the delegation has entered a scrutiny reservation on the detection compromise (10 June 2026) and nothing more; the label rests on the earlier documents until Sofia speaks.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Ministry of the Interior answer no. 812104-267, 9 Jul 2024, via Electronic Frontier Bulgaria (PDF)",
                    "url": "https://ef-bg.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/812104-267.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Bulgaria to the EU, key officers",
                    "url": "https://www.mfa.bg/en/embassies/belgiumpp/543"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Ivan Demerdzhiev",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Croatia",
            "iso2": "HR",
            "iso3": "HRV",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/croatia/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.86,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 12 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 6,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 4,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 2,
            "receipt_label": "Interior Minister Davor Bozinovic, ministry statement, 14 Oct 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://mup.gov.hr/vijesti/bozinovic-hrvatska-protiv-masovnog-nadzora-ali-i-sutnje-pred-zlostavljanjem-djece/295027",
            "quote": "This regulation does not provide for any mass surveillance of communications. The European Union wants this to become mandatory, not voluntary.",
            "quote_cite": "Ministry of the Interior, 14 October 2025, translated from Croatian",
            "note": "In Council it was clearly disappointed when detection orders were dropped (Nov 2025) and wants the widest scope: known and new material and grooming (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Nov 2025 (‘clearly disappointed’ by the removal of detection orders), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (widest scope), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Croatia to the EU, members",
                    "url": "https://mvep.gov.hr/predstavnistvo-94070/clanovi-stalnog-predstavnistva/94072"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Davor Božinović",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice, Public Administration and Digital Transformation",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Cyprus",
            "iso2": "CY",
            "iso3": "CYP",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/cyprus/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.22,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 12 Sep 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 2,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 3,
            "receipt_label": "Council working party minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/",
            "quote": "Cyprus agrees to the compromise proposal and supports everything that makes citizens safer. The draft regulation has the highest priority.",
            "quote_cite": "Council working party, 12 September 2025, as recorded in the German cable, translated",
            "note": "No public national statement found. Held the presidency in the first half of 2026 and drafted the compromise that mixes voluntary scanning with targeted detection orders.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Presidency note on the state of play, doc. 9087/26, 3 Jun 2026",
                    "url": "https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-9087-2026-INIT/en/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Cyprus to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.cy/mfa-permrepeu/en/the-permanent-representation/ambassador/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Cyprus to the EU, personnel",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.cy/mfa-permrepeu/en/the-permanent-representation/personnel/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Constantinos Fitiris",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice and Public Order",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Czechia",
            "iso2": "CZ",
            "iso3": "CZE",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/czechia/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.42,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 25 Jul 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "no",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 12,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 4,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 5,
            "receipt_label": "Interior Minister Lubomir Metnar, 25 Jul 2026 (Echo24)",
            "receipt_url": "https://m.echo24.cz/a/HFZUg/zpravy-zahranici-smirovaci-vyjimku-cr-podporila-navrh-ek-na-chat-control-2-je-neprijatelny-metnar",
            "quote": "We do not consider the Commission's original proposal acceptable; it would lead to disproportionate interference with private communication.",
            "quote_cite": "Interior Minister Lubomir Metnar, 25 July 2026, translated from Czech",
            "note": "Both the Fiala and the Babis governments are on record. Prague voted against the mandate over encryption, backed Chat Control 1.0 in July 2026 and says it has no position yet on the permanent law. On 17 Sep 2026 the Chamber’s European Affairs Committee rejected any general content detection and any blanket undermining of end-to-end encryption.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Interior Minister Vit Rakusan on the government vote, 14 Oct 2025 (CTK)",
                    "url": "https://www.ceskenoviny.cz/zpravy/2734203"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Vote against the mandate, 26 Nov 2025 (CTK)",
                    "url": "https://www.denik.cz/evropa/csam-chat-control/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "European Affairs Committee of the Chamber of Deputies, resolution 107, 17 Sep 2026 (PDF, in Czech)",
                    "url": "https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=291287"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council, ST 13900/26, 1 Oct 2026: resolution 107 with an English courtesy translation (PDF)",
                    "url": "https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-13900-2026-INIT/x/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of the Czech Republic to the EU, about the representation",
                    "url": "https://mzv.gov.cz/representation_brussels/en/about_the_representation/index.html"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Lubomír Metnar",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Denmark",
            "iso2": "DK",
            "iso3": "DNK",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/denmark/",
            "population_share_pct": 1.32,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 26 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 11,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 0,
            "receipt_label": "Council minutes, 26 Jun 2026 (wants detection negotiated now), via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/",
            "quote": "I'm glad that the member states have finally agreed on a way forward that includes a number of obligations for providers of communication services to combat the spread of child sexual abuse material.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice Minister Peter Hummelgaard, Council press release, 26 November 2025",
            "note": "As presidency it proposed mandatory scanning including client-side scanning, dropped the orders on 30 October 2025 for lack of a majority, and in June 2026 wanted detection negotiated right away.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Presidency text with detection orders and client-side scanning, Council minutes 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Justice Minister Hummelgaard drops detection orders, 30 Oct 2025 (Ingenioren)",
                    "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/regeringen-dropper-billede-snageri-nu-er-det-igen-op-til-techgiganterne-selv"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Ministry of Justice factsheet on the regulation, Oct 2025 (PDF)",
                    "url": "https://www.justitsministeriet.dk/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Faktaark-11-myter-og-sandheder-om-CSA-forordningen.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Denmark to the EU, about us",
                    "url": "https://um.dk/eu/om-os/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Nicolai Wammen",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Estonia",
            "iso2": "EE",
            "iso3": "EST",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/estonia/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.3,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 19 Feb 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 6,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 1,
            "receipt_label": "Ministers Kristina Kallas and Igor Taro, ERR, 19 Feb 2026",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.err.ee/1609945988/kristina-kallas-eesti-ei-toeta-chat-control-i",
            "quote": "Estonia has submitted its position. Estonia's position is that we do not support this.",
            "quote_cite": "Minister Kristina Kallas, ERR, 19 February 2026, translated from Estonian",
            "note": "Parliament's EU committee voted unanimously against the mandatory text. Wants encrypted communication kept out and calls grooming detection too unreliable (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Riigikogu EU Affairs Committee, unanimous, 10 Oct 2025 (ERR)",
                    "url": "https://www.err.ee/1609826247/eesti-on-vastu-el-i-plaanile-jalgida-privaatseid-netivestluseid"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (encryption must stay excluded), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Estonia to the EU, personnel",
                    "url": "https://eu.mfa.ee/personnel/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Igor Taro",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice and Digital Affairs",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Finland",
            "iso2": "FI",
            "iso3": "FIN",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/finland/",
            "population_share_pct": 1.24,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 17 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 6,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 8,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 1,
            "receipt_label": "Council minutes, 17 Jun 2026 (rejects mandatory detection in private communication), via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/",
            "quote": "The proposal would mean large-scale mass surveillance of communications; the measures would target all communications on the services in question.",
            "quote_cite": "Eduskunta Transport and Communications Committee statement, 23 October 2024, translated from Finnish",
            "note": "Parliament's committees set the line. Helsinki backed the voluntary-only mandate on condition that encryption is not broken, and in June 2026 accepted mandatory detection only outside private messages.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Eduskunta committee statement, 23 Oct 2024 (Verkkouutiset)",
                    "url": "https://www.verkkouutiset.fi/a/valiokunta-eun-csam-ehdotus-on-kuin-posti-lukisi-kirjeet-ennen-kuoren-sulkemista/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Grand Committee decision, 26 Nov 2025 (SDP group release)",
                    "url": "https://www.sttinfo.fi/tiedote/71641476/suuren-valiokunnan-sd-edustajat-viestien-yksityisyys-suojattiin-csam-asetuksessa?publisherId=66784162&lang=fi"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Finland to the EU, management",
                    "url": "https://finlandabroad.fi/web/eu/management"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Mari Rantanen",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "France",
            "iso2": "FR",
            "iso3": "FRA",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/france/",
            "population_share_pct": 15.18,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 23 Jul 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 44,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 16,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 8,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 13,
            "receipt_label": "Statement by France, Council voting result 12382/26, 23 Jul 2026",
            "receipt_url": "https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-12382-2026-INIT/en/pdf",
            "quote": "They express their serious concern regarding the amendment adopted by the European Parliament on the exclusion of encrypted communications. The wording used is very broad.",
            "quote_cite": "Statement by France annexed to the Council vote, 23 July 2026",
            "note": "Welcomed detection orders and client-side scanning in September 2025 and says there is no room for negotiation on a broad scope for voluntary scanning (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (welcomes detection orders and client-side scanning), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (‘no room for negotiation’), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Assemblee nationale European resolution, 3 Dec 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/17/textes/l17t0186_texte-adopte-seance"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of France to the EU",
                    "url": "https://ue.diplomatie.gouv.fr/representation-permanente-de-la-france-aupres-de-lunion-europeenne"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Laurent Nuñez",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Germany",
            "iso2": "DE",
            "iso3": "DEU",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/germany/",
            "population_share_pct": 18.47,
            "position": "conditional",
            "position_label": "Conditional",
            "since": "since Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 54,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 35,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 6,
            "receipt_label": "Federal government press conference and Justice Ministry, 8 Oct 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/aktuelles/regierungspressekonferenz-vom-8-oktober-2025-2388046",
            "quote": "Suspicionless chat control must be taboo in a state under the rule of law. Private communication must never be placed under general suspicion.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice Minister Stefanie Hubig, 8 October 2025, translated from German",
            "note": "Its refusal sank the mandatory text in October 2025. Since then Berlin pushes the widest scope for voluntary scanning and, per its June 2026 instruction, does not oppose mandatory detection if it complements voluntary scanning.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Justice Ministry quote page, 8 Oct 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.bmjv.de/SharedDocs/Zitate/DE/2025/1008_Chatkontrolle.html"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Interior Ministry instruction and Council minutes, June 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Germany to the EU, the ambassadors",
                    "url": "https://bruessel-eu.diplo.de/eu-de/staendigevertretungeu/diebotschafter"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Alexander Dobrindt",
            "ministry": "Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI), with the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (BMJV)",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Greece",
            "iso2": "GR",
            "iso3": "GRC",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/greece/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.3,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 26 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 6,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 9,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 6,
            "receipt_label": "Council minutes, 10 and 26 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/",
            "quote": "Greece entered a positive scrutiny reservation on the presidency's detection compromise and, with Germany, France and Latvia, urged speed.",
            "quote_cite": "Council minutes of 10 and 26 June 2026, as recorded in the German cables",
            "note": "No public national statement found. Wanted detection negotiated now rather than after the agreed parts (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Greece to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://www.mfa.gr/brussels/en/permanent-representation-eu/about-us/permanent-representative.html"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Michalis Chrysochoidis",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Citizen Protection; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Hungary",
            "iso2": "HU",
            "iso3": "HUN",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/hungary/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.11,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 17 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "no",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 13,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 6,
            "receipt_label": "Council minutes, 10 and 17 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/",
            "quote": "Voluntariness alone as the sole concept is too little. Excluding voluntary measures in end-to-end encrypted communication is a red line.",
            "quote_cite": "Council working party, 12 November 2025, as recorded in the German cable, translated",
            "note": "New Tisza government since May 2026 kept the broad-scope line with France. In July 2026 it was the only government to vote against Chat Control 1.0; no reason was published, while the prime minister defended the interim rules at home.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Nov 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council voting result, 23 Jul 2026 (vote against)",
                    "url": "https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-12382-2026-INIT/en/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Prime Minister Peter Magyar defends the interim rules, 24.hu, 17 Jul 2026",
                    "url": "https://24.hu/tech/2026/07/17/europai-unio-parlament-chat-control-rendelet-magyar-peter/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Hungary to the EU, staff",
                    "url": "https://eu-brusszel.mfa.gov.hu/page/munkatarsak"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Gábor Pósfai",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Ireland",
            "iso2": "IE",
            "iso3": "IRL",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/ireland/",
            "population_share_pct": 1.2,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 2 Jul 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 11,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 2,
            "receipt_label": "Justice Minister Jim O'Callaghan, Council press release, 2 Jul 2026",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2026/07/02/council-moves-to-reinstate-interim-measure-to-combat-child-sexual-abuse-online/",
            "quote": "Protecting children is our duty. The position agreed by the Council today paves the way for online service providers to resume their efforts to detect child sexual abuse online.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice Minister Jim O'Callaghan, 2 July 2026",
            "note": "Supported the mandatory text in September 2025. Holds the presidency since July 2026 and chairs the 29 September trilogue; its justice minister calls the inability to intercept encrypted services a matter of considerable concern.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (supports the mandatory text, ‘clear added value’), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Minister O'Callaghan on intercepting encrypted services, speech of 16 Jul 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.ie/en/department-of-justice-home-affairs-and-migration/publications/speech-by-minister-for-justice-home-affairs-and-migration-jim-ocallaghan-a-contested-arena-balancing-competing-human-rights-in-the-area-of-justice-home-affairs-and-migration/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Ireland to the EU, the ambassadors",
                    "url": "https://www.ireland.ie/en/eu/brussels/about/the-ambassadors/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Jim O’Callaghan",
            "ministry": "Department of Justice, Home Affairs and Migration",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Italy",
            "iso2": "IT",
            "iso3": "ITA",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/italy/",
            "population_share_pct": 13.19,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 26 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "abstained",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 39,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 13,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 24,
            "receipt_label": "Abstention on the mandate, government sources, ANSA, 26 Nov 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.ansa.it/europa/notizie/rubriche/altrenews/2025/11/26/primo-ok-dei-27-ue-alla-chat-control-italia-si-astiene_d79fbeb9-4fbd-45ff-8cda-198db9207c10.html",
            "quote": "Italy shares the need to strengthen the tools against online sexual abuse, but does not accept forms of mass monitoring of chats and personal data.",
            "quote_cite": "Italian government sources, ANSA, 26 November 2025, translated from Italian",
            "note": "The only abstention on the mandate. Wants detection orders issued by courts and limited to known material, and no searches by the EU Centre (June 2026). Voted for Chat Control 1.0 in July 2026.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (‘again very critical’), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Il Sole 24 Ore, 26 Nov 2025",
                    "url": "https://en.ilsole24ore.com/art/chat-control-first-eu-27-ok-but-italy-abstains-AHLEXxxD"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Italy to the EU, the ambassadors",
                    "url": "https://italiaue.esteri.it/en/chi-siamo/contatti/the-ambassadors/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Matteo Piantedosi",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Latvia",
            "iso2": "LV",
            "iso3": "LVA",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/latvia/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.41,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 10 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 5,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 1,
            "receipt_label": "Interior Ministry, Kaspars Abolins, LSM, 11 Sep 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/latvija/11.09.2025-latvija-gatava-atbalstit-chat-control-regulejumu-bernu-aizsardzibai-interneta.a613870/",
            "quote": "In our view this is a proposal to be supported, because it does not in any way provide for systematic, comprehensive scanning of people's private communications.",
            "quote_cite": "Interior Ministry, Kaspars Abolins, LSM, 11 September 2025, translated from Latvian",
            "note": "The Saeima's EU committee leaned slightly against on 24 September 2025 without changing the position. In June 2026 Riga wanted the widest scope: known and new material and grooming.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Saeima EU affairs committee split, LSM, 24 Sep 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/latvija/24.09.2025-turpina-spriest-par-chat-control-regulejumu-bernu-aizsardzibai-interneta.a615690/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (widest scope), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Latvia to the EU, representatives",
                    "url": "https://www2.mfa.gov.lv/en/brussels/representatives"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Jānis Dombrava",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Lithuania",
            "iso2": "LT",
            "iso3": "LTU",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/lithuania/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.64,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 12 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 4,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 7,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 0,
            "receipt_label": "Council working party minutes, 12 Sep and 12 Nov 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/",
            "quote": "Lithuania continues to support the proposal; the compromise should be as ambitious as possible.",
            "quote_cite": "Council working party, 12 September 2025, as recorded in the German cable, translated",
            "note": "No public national statement found; two Lithuanian MEPs asked the government in autumn 2025 to state its position. Called the voluntary-only mandate an absolute minimum consensus (Nov 2025).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Lithuania to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://eu.mfa.lt/en/about-us/permanent-representation/permanent-representative/49"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Martynas Katelynas",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Luxembourg",
            "iso2": "LU",
            "iso3": "LUX",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/luxembourg/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.15,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 10 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 2,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 1,
            "receipt_label": "Justice Minister Elisabeth Margue, L'essentiel, 11 Sep 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.lessentiel.lu/fr/story/chat-control-l-idee-de-surveillance-de-masse-va-trop-loin-selon-le-luxembourg-103413328",
            "quote": "The measures are too intrusive. Client-side scanning could allow the surveillance of all private communications and carries the risk of general mass surveillance, including of people with no link to any offence.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice Minister Elisabeth Margue, answer to a parliamentary question reported by L'essentiel, 11 September 2025, translated from French",
            "note": "Not in agreement with the mandatory text (Sept 2025). In June 2026 said the legal problems of the presidency's compromise are still not solved.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (‘not in agreement’), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (legal problems not solved), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Luxembourg to the EU, organisation chart (25 Feb 2026)",
                    "url": "https://bruxelles-rpue.mae.lu/dam-assets/embassy/20260225-organigramme-pour-internet-fr.pdf"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Elisabeth Margue",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Home Affairs",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Malta",
            "iso2": "MT",
            "iso3": "MLT",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/malta/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.13,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 17 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 2,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 1,
            "receipt_label": "Council minutes, 17 Jun 2026 (scope: known and new material and grooming), via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/",
            "quote": "Malta, like France, wants detection to cover known material, new material and grooming.",
            "quote_cite": "Council counsellors' meeting, 17 June 2026, as recorded in the German cable",
            "note": "No public national statement found. Supported the voluntary-only mandate and, in June 2026, a positive reservation on the detection compromise.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Nov 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Malta to the EU, the Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://missions.foreign.gov.mt/permanent-representations/european-union/the-permanent-representative/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Glenn Bedingfield",
            "ministry": "Ministry for Home Affairs and Security; Ministry for Justice, Research and Innovation",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Netherlands",
            "iso2": "NL",
            "iso3": "NLD",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/netherlands/",
            "population_share_pct": 4.02,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 26 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "no",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 22,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 5,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 4,
            "receipt_label": "Tweede Kamer motion instructing a vote against, adopted 25 Nov 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/moties/detail?id=2025Z20461&did=2025D48229",
            "quote": "We are against it, and I will say so loud and clear.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice and Security Minister Foort van Oosten to the Tweede Kamer, 2 October 2025, translated from Dutch",
            "note": "Parliament ordered a no vote on the mandate; the cabinet had planned to abstain. Supports detection in public content and doubts targeted orders would ever be used (June 2026). On 18 Sep 2026 the minister told parliament there is “no room” to support proposals that make end-to-end encryption impossible, impose mandatory detection on all citizens’ private communications, or require detection in encrypted services that in practice only client-side scanning could carry out.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Committee debate record, 2 Oct 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.tweedekamer.nl/downloads/document?id=2025D44055"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Vote against the mandate, 26 Nov 2025 (CTK)",
                    "url": "https://www.denik.cz/evropa/csam-chat-control/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (supports detection in public content), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Minister’s answers to MP Barbara Kathmann on chat control, 18 Sep 2026 (Tweede Kamer)",
                    "url": "https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/kamervragen/detail?id=2026Z16203&did=2026D44505"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of the Netherlands to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://www.netherlandsandyou.nl/web/pr-eu-brussels/about-us/permanent-representative"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "David van Weel",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice and Security",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Poland",
            "iso2": "PL",
            "iso3": "POL",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/poland/",
            "population_share_pct": 8.29,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 2 Jul 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "no",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 12,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 33,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 8,
            "receipt_label": "Ministry of Digital Affairs, official statement, 16 Sep 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.gov.pl/web/cyfryzacja/stanowisko-ministerstwa-cyfryzacji-w-zwiazku-z-akcja-stop-chat-control",
            "quote": "Poland defends the privacy of internet users and opposes mass scanning of private correspondence.",
            "quote_cite": "Ministry of Digital Affairs, 16 September 2025, translated from Polish",
            "note": "Voted against the mandate in November 2025 and reaffirmed the line in July 2026, including the integrity of end-to-end encryption. In June 2026 accepted only targeted measures in non-public content.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Deputy PM Krzysztof Gawkowski, PAP, 17 Nov 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-unia-chce-skanowac-prywatne-wiadomosci-w-czatach-online-jasn,nId,8041295"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Ministry spokesperson reaffirms the line, 2 Jul 2026",
                    "url": "https://android.com.pl/tech/1060241-chat-control-unia-europejska/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Vote against the mandate, 26 Nov 2025 (CTK)",
                    "url": "https://www.denik.cz/evropa/csam-chat-control/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Poland to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.pl/web/ue/staly-przedstawiciel"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Krzysztof Gawkowski",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Digital Affairs",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Portugal",
            "iso2": "PT",
            "iso3": "PRT",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/portugal/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.38,
            "position": "unclear",
            "position_label": "Unclear",
            "since": "since 10 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 7,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 12,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 2,
            "receipt_label": "Assembleia da Republica resolution 289/XVII, adopted 19 Sep 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.parlamento.pt/ActividadeParlamentar/Paginas/DetalheIniciativa.aspx?BID=315581",
            "quote": "Other rights, namely the right to privacy, cannot be compressed disproportionately, unjustifiably or unnecessarily.",
            "quote_cite": "Ministry of Justice, Radio Renascenca, 29 September 2025, translated from Portuguese",
            "note": "Parliament demands a judicial warrant for any detection. In Council the government called the mandatory text the right direction (Sept 2025) and is generally satisfied with the June 2026 compromise, minus grooming.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Ministry of Justice statement, 29 Sep 2025 (RR)",
                    "url": "https://rr.pt/noticia/vida/2025/09/29/governo-combater-abuso-de-menores-online-nao-pode-comprimir-privacidade/441633/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 and 10 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Portugal to the EU, organisation chart",
                    "url": "https://ue.missaoportugal.mne.gov.pt/pt/a-reper/organograma"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Rita Alarcão Júdice",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Internal Administration (Luís Neves, minister since 23 Feb 2026)",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Romania",
            "iso2": "RO",
            "iso3": "ROU",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/romania/",
            "population_share_pct": 4.21,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 26 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 8,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 19,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 6,
            "receipt_label": "Council working party minutes, 12 Nov 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/",
            "quote": "Romania, Sweden and Croatia were clearly disappointed by the deletions but accepted the proposal because of the review clause.",
            "quote_cite": "Council working party, 12 November 2025, as recorded in the German cable, translated",
            "note": "No public national statement found. Supported the mandatory text (Sept 2025) and wanted detection negotiated now (June 2026). Both were said under previous governments; the Niculescu government, in office since 20 October 2026, has not stated a line yet, so the label stands.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 26 Jun 2026 (wants detection negotiated now), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-wollen-chatkontrolle-zombie-zurueckbringen/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Predoiu takes over the Ministry of Justice ad interim, April 2026 (Mediafax)",
                    "url": "https://www.mediafax.ro/politic/radu-marinescu-mesaj-catre-catalin-predoiu-care-preia-interimatul-la-justitie-a-fost-ministrul-justitiei-cu-siguranta-cunoaste-domeniul-23727205"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Parliament rejects the Mureșan cabinet, 182 votes in favour of 233 needed (Romania Insider, 30 Sep 2026)",
                    "url": "https://www.romania-insider.com/society/romania-remains-political-crisis-parliament-rejects-siegfried-muresan"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Romania to the EU, team",
                    "url": "https://ue.mae.ro/node/150"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Marian Neacșu",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Internal Affairs; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Slovakia",
            "iso2": "SK",
            "iso3": "SVK",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/slovakia/",
            "population_share_pct": 1.21,
            "position": "against",
            "position_label": "Against",
            "since": "since 26 Nov 2025",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "no",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 11,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 1,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 3,
            "receipt_label": "Vote against the mandate, 26 Nov 2025 (CTK)",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.denik.cz/evropa/csam-chat-control/",
            "quote": "Non-selective scanning of communication is problematic; Slovakia cannot yet give a positive answer.",
            "quote_cite": "Council working party, 12 September 2025, as recorded in the German cable, translated",
            "note": "Voted against the mandate over encryption. In June 2026 wanted detection negotiated now while doubting that targeted orders would ever be used.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Interior Minister Sutaj Estok rejects mass surveillance mechanisms, TASR, 4 Sep 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.teraz.sk/spravy/slovenskodigital-vita-stanovisko-suta/904034-clanok.html"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of the Slovak Republic to the EU, leadership",
                    "url": "https://www.mzv.sk/en/web/szbrusel/o-nas/vedenie-staleho-zastupenia"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Matúš Šutaj Eštok",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Slovenia",
            "iso2": "SI",
            "iso3": "SVN",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/slovenia/",
            "population_share_pct": 0.47,
            "position": "unclear",
            "position_label": "Unclear",
            "since": "since 4 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 4,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 2,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 0,
            "receipt_label": "Ministry of the Interior statement, 2 Oct 2025 (Zanima.me)",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.zanima.me/slovenija-sprejela-stalisce-proti-nadzoru-zasebne-komunikacije-tema-poenotila-leve-in-desne-usoda-predloga-se-nejasna/",
            "quote": "Slovenia does not support the proposal in its current form. The reason is the disproportionate interference with privacy that the regulation provides for.",
            "quote_cite": "Ministry of the Interior, 2 October 2025, translated from Slovenian",
            "note": "Against the Commission text under the previous government (Oct 2025). The government confirmed on 4 June 2026 has not stated a line; on 10 June 2026 its delegation entered a positive scrutiny reservation on the presidency compromise, which includes mandatory detection for public content. Reclassified from Against to Unclear on 9 September 2026.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Nov 2025 (welcomed the removal of detection orders), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Slovenia to the EU, about",
                    "url": "https://www.gov.si/en/representations/permanent-representation-to-the-european-union-brussels/about-the-permanent-representation-to-the-european-union-brussels/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Record note, 10 Sep 2026: Slovenia, from Against to Unclear, the two documents behind the change",
                    "url": "https://brusselsrecord.com/slovenia-against-to-unclear-two-documents/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Franci Matoz",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior and Public Administration; Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Spain",
            "iso2": "ES",
            "iso3": "ESP",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/spain/",
            "population_share_pct": 10.86,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 10 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 16,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 37,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 0,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 7,
            "receipt_label": "Council working party minutes, 12 Nov 2025 (mandatory measures ‘still necessary’), via netzpolitik.org",
            "receipt_url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/interne-dokumente-eu-staaten-einigen-sich-auf-freiwillige-chatkontrolle/",
            "quote": "The regulation obliges service providers to detect this content in encrypted communications.",
            "quote_cite": "Interior Minister Fernando Grande-Marlaska, ministry press release, 7 December 2022, translated from Spanish",
            "note": "Fully supported the mandatory text (Sept 2025) and proposed a duty to detect at least in public spaces (Nov 2025). Will drop grooming only if Parliament gives ground (June 2026).",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Interior Ministry press release, 7 Dec 2022",
                    "url": "https://www.interior.gob.es/opencms/es/detalle/articulo/Grande-Marlaska-anuncia-que-la-Presidencia-espanola-de-la-UE-priorizara-la-lucha-contra-el-abuso-de-menores-a-traves-de-Internet/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (full support), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026, via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Spain to the EU, Permanent Representative",
                    "url": "https://exteriores.gob.es/RepresentacionesPermanentes/EspanaUE/es/Representacion/Paginas/Representante.aspx"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Fernando Grande-Marlaska",
            "ministry": "Ministry of the Interior",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        },
        {
            "country": "Sweden",
            "iso2": "SE",
            "iso3": "SWE",
            "page": "https://brusselsrecord.com/member-states/sweden/",
            "population_share_pct": 2.34,
            "position": "for",
            "position_label": "Supports",
            "since": "since 10 Jun 2026",
            "vote_mandate_2025_11_26": "yes",
            "vote_chat_control_1_0_2026_07_23": "yes",
            "meps_2026_07_09_for_rejection": 6,
            "meps_2026_07_09_against_rejection": 12,
            "meps_2026_07_09_abstained": 3,
            "meps_2026_07_09_did_not_vote": 0,
            "receipt_label": "Justice Minister Gunnar Strommer, written answer to the Riksdag, 5 Feb 2025",
            "receipt_url": "https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-och-lagar/dokument/skriftlig-fraga/chat-control-och-kallskydd_hc11719/",
            "quote": "The government and a broad majority in the Riksdag are prepared to continue a negotiation at EU level along these lines.",
            "quote_cite": "Justice Minister Gunnar Strommer, 5 February 2025, translated from Swedish",
            "note": "Welcomed the return of detection orders (Sept 2025), was clearly disappointed when they were dropped (Nov 2025) and wants the widest scope (June 2026). General election on 13 September 2026: until the next government states a position in the Council, the label stands. On 15 October 2026 the Riksdag rejected Magdalena Andersson as Prime Minister, 99 votes to 248; on 19 October the Speaker gave Elisabeth Thand Ringqvist of the Centre Party an exploratory mandate. The Kristersson government stays in office meanwhile.",
            "sources": [
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (welcomes the return of detection orders), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2025/internes-protokoll-daenemark-will-chatkontrolle-durchdruecken/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Riksdag rejects a ‘vote no’ motion, 7 Oct 2025",
                    "url": "https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-och-lagar/dokument/motion/ingen-digital-massovervakning_hd023778/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Council minutes, 10 Jun 2026 (widest scope), via netzpolitik.org",
                    "url": "https://netzpolitik.org/2026/interne-dokumente-trilog-zur-chatkontrolle-geht-in-entscheidende-phase/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Permanent Representation of Sweden to the EU, management",
                    "url": "https://www.government.se/sweden-in-the-eu/permanent-representation-of-sweden-to-the-eu/management/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Speaker asks Magdalena Andersson to form a government, 18 Sep 2026 (Euronews)",
                    "url": "https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/09/18/swedens-social-democrat-leader-andersson-says-shes-ready-to-form-new-government-after-elec"
                },
                {
                    "label": "Andersson: no possibility for her to form a government, 28 Sep 2026 (Euronews)",
                    "url": "https://www.euronews.com/2026/09/28/swedens-social-democrat-leader-andersson-says-currently-no-possibility-to-form-government"
                },
                {
                    "label": "What the election could change in the Council count, 23 Sep 2026 (Brussels Record)",
                    "url": "https://brusselsrecord.com/sweden-election-chat-control-council-count/"
                }
            ],
            "minister": "Gunnar Strömmer",
            "ministry": "Ministry of Justice",
            "last_checked": "2026-10-22"
        }
    ]
}